Economics Paper II Past Paper 2025
Inconsistency and reform dominate the Economics Paper II past paper 2025. Q.2 asks why Pakistan’s economic growth runs uneven over the decades. Q.3 tests the claim that industrial policy favoured protection over competitiveness. Q.4 argues that rising public debt reflects weak fiscal management more than economic need. Q.5 discusses exchange rate policy as a stabilizer and lists its trade-offs. Q.6 calls land reforms more symbolic than substantive and asks for proof. Q.7 reads the energy crisis as a governance failure and asks for a verdict. Q.8 closes with notes on two topics, each with Pakistan in view. The file on this page holds both parts of the paper, the MCQ sheet and the Part-II sheet.
What this paper contains
- This file carries both parts of the paper: the Part-I MCQ sheet and the Part-II sheet.
- Part-I (Q.1) — 20 MCQs on the OMR Answer Sheet (20 marks)
- Part-II — attempt any FOUR questions from Q.2–Q.8; each question carries 20 marks
Part-II questions
Q.2 — Critically evaluate why Pakistan’s economic growth has been inconsistent over the decades. How do political stability and governance quality influence long- term growth prospects? (20)
Q.3 — “Pakistan’s industrial policy has favored protectionism over competitiveness.” Critically analyze this statement with examples from key industries. (20)
Q.4 — “Rising public debt in Pakistan is more a symptom of weak fiscal management than economic necessity.” Discuss this statement critically. (20)
Q.5 — Discuss the role of exchange rate policy in stabilizing Pakistan’s economy. What are the trade-offs involved? (20)
Q.6 — “Land reforms in Pakistan have been more symbolic than substantive.” Critically examine this statement, with reference to their design, implementation, and outcomes. (20)
Q.7 — Pakistan’s energy crisis is often termed as a governance failure rather than a resource issue. Critically evaluate this perspective. (20)
Q.8 — Write Notes on Any Two of the following (w.r.t. Pakistan): (10 each) (20)
a. Digital Transformation and Economic Future
b. Foreign Aid vs Foreign Trade Debate
c. Interest Free Banking
Economics Paper II Past Paper 2024 · All Economics Past Papers